The National Institute of Health (NIH) has issued several advisories to prevent and control Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF), heatstroke, sunstroke, and typhoid fever, following the first reported case of CCHF in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. These advisories aim to alert relevant authorities and enhance preparedness in managing these health threats.
The Centre for Diseases Control (CDC) under the NIH emphasized the critical need for vigilance against CCHF, especially with the upcoming Eid-ul-Azha, which involves increased human-animal interactions. Last year, Pakistan recorded 101 cases of CCHF.
The CDC explained that CCHF, caused by the tick-borne Nairovirus, is primarily transmitted to humans through tick bites or contact with infected animal blood or tissues, particularly during slaughter. Human-to-human transmission can also occur through contact with infectious blood, secretions, or body fluids.
Heatstroke and Sunstroke Advisory
The advisory on heatstroke and sunstroke prevention responds to the severe climate changes and frequent heatwaves linked to global warming. The NIH noted that the impact of heatwaves in Pakistan is increasing each year, leading to higher risks of morbidity and mortality from heat-related illnesses. The public is advised to avoid direct sunlight, increase water intake, consume salty foods, and wear hats and light-colored, loose clothing to prevent heatstroke. Rehydration is crucial in mitigating the complications associated with heatstroke.
Typhoid Fever Advisory
Pakistan faces a high burden of typhoid fever, worsened by inadequate access to safe drinking water, poor hygiene practices, and low immunization coverage. The CDC’s advisory stressed the importance of improving water safety, hygiene practices, and immunization efforts to reduce the disease burden.
